The International Atomic Energy Agency should take charge of Pakistan's nuclear weapons, India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said on Thursday, days after the nuclear-armed neighbours ended their worst military conflict in nearly three decades.

Deadly fighting broke out between the old enemies last week after India struck what it said were "terrorist camps" in Pakistan in retaliation for an attack in India-held Kashmir last month that killed 26 men, which it said was backed by Pakistan.

Islamabad had denied the allegations, and both countries sent missiles and drones into each other's airspace in the days that followed, before they reached a truce on Saturday.

"Are nuclear weapons safe in the hands of such an irresponsible and rogue nation?" Singh said while addressing soldiers in held-Kashmir's summer capital Srinagar. "I believe that Pakistan's nuclear weapons should be taken under the supervision of IAEA."

Meanwhile, Pakistan has reacted strongly to condemn the Indian minister’s "irresponsible" statement. The Foreign Office spokesperson said the statement reflected Indian defence failures and disappointment.

The IAEA is a Vienna-based UN watchdog that monitors nuclear programmes to ensure they are peaceful.

India and Pakistan became nuclear powers after they conducted tit-for-tat nuclear tests in 1998 and their decades-old animosity has made the region - the world's most populous - one of its most dangerous nuclear flashpoints.

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The latest military conflict between the South Asian neighbours spiralled alarmingly on Saturday, and there were brief fears that nuclear arsenals might come into play as Pakistan's military said a top body overseeing its nuclear weapons would meet.

But the Pakistani defence minister said no such meeting was scheduled.

Military analysts said this may have been Pakistan's way of hinting at its nuclear option, as Islamabad has a "first-use" policy if its existence is under threat in a conflict.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Monday that India would strike at terrorist hideouts across the border again if there were new attacks on India and would not be deterred by what he called Islamabad's "nuclear blackmail".

Pakistan rejected Modi's statements as being "provocative and inflammatory assertions", saying it represents a dangerous escalation.