A new scientific study has raised concerns about the long-term effects of the popular ketogenic (keto) diet, suggesting that while it may promote weight loss in the short run, it could cause serious health risks if followed for too long.
Published in Science Advances, the study examined mice placed on a keto diet for a year—roughly equivalent to decades in humans. Researchers observed signs of liver and heart disease, along with an inability to tolerate glucose.
The findings challenge the widespread belief that keto is a safe long-term weight management solution.
What is the Keto diet?
The ketogenic diet is based on drastically reducing carbohydrate intake while relying heavily on fats and moderate protein. The body enters a metabolic state called ketosis, where the liver converts fat into molecules known as ketone bodies for energy.
Typically, the diet includes high amounts of meat, eggs, full-fat dairy, and oils, with carbohydrates kept extremely low. Advocates believe this helps burn fat more efficiently, leading to rapid weight loss.
Researchers raise concerns
Molly Gallop, lead researcher and assistant professor of anatomy and physiology at Earlham College, explained that many people see keto as a quick fix for health and weight issues.
“I think a lot of people look at the ketogenic diet and think that I will lose weight and become healthy,” she said. “But the biology is more complex.”
Co-author Amandine Cheeks, assistant professor of nutrition and integrative physiology at the University of Utah, added that the study serves as a warning.
“This is not a magic bullet. The results show that sticking to keto for the long term comes with risks,” she cautioned.
Although the diet can initially lead to substantial weight loss and help manage certain conditions, the study shows prolonged reliance on high fat intake may place strain on major organs.
The results also echo earlier concerns raised by nutritionists about sustainability and side effects, including nutrient deficiencies and increased cardiovascular risks.
