A large-scale study has found that many women may not be choosing the most effective pain relief for menstrual cramps, with most opting for paracetamol despite evidence suggesting ibuprofen often works better for period pain.
According to research published in the medical journal PLOS Digital Health, nearly two-thirds of painkillers purchased alongside menstrual products contained paracetamol, while only about one-third included ibuprofen.
The findings are based on an analysis of more than 210 million purchases made between 2006 and 2015 through a major retail chain's loyalty card programme in England. Researchers examined the shopping habits of around 3.4 million customers to better understand how women manage pain during menstruation.
Why Ibuprofen may work better
Health experts involved in the study noted that while paracetamol is effective for reducing pain and fever, ibuprofen is often more suitable for menstrual cramps because it targets the underlying cause of the discomfort.
Ibuprofen helps reduce the production of chemicals known as prostaglandins, which trigger contractions in the muscles of the uterus. These contractions are responsible for the cramping and pain many women experience during their periods.
Paracetamol, on the other hand, mainly works by reducing pain signals in the brain and does not have significant anti-inflammatory properties.
Researchers call for greater awareness
Dr. Anya Skatova of the University of Bristol said the study may not represent the entire population but provides valuable insight into the types of medicines women are buying for period pain.
Researchers said menstrual pain is usually caused by natural uterine contractions, but higher levels of prostaglandins can lead to more severe symptoms in some women.
Professor James Golding of the University of Nottingham stressed the need for greater public awareness about menstrual pain and available treatment options, adding that further research is needed in the area.
When to seek medical advice
Medical experts advise women to consult a healthcare professional if period pain becomes severe enough to interfere with daily activities.
In some cases, intense menstrual pain can be linked to underlying conditions such as Endometriosis or uterine fibroids, which may require medical treatment.
Experts also cautioned that ibuprofen is not suitable for everyone and recommended reading medication guidelines carefully and consulting a doctor or pharmacist before using any pain-relief medicine.
