Tshering Tobgay, poised to reclaim the role of Bhutan's prime minister, is a fervent advocate for the environment and a seasoned politician in a mountainous nation where democratic governance is relatively nascent.

Expected to lead for a second term after his party secured nearly two-thirds of the seats in Tuesday's elections, Tobgay previously served as prime minister from 2013 to 2018.

At 58 years old, this former civil servant, educated at the University of Pittsburgh and Harvard, emerged as the leader of the opposition when Bhutan established its first parliament in 2008.

Heading the People's Democratic Party (PDP), Tobgay assembled a formidable team, including former ministers and lawmakers, securing 30 out of 47 seats in the recent election, according to Bhutanese media.

Recognised for donning the traditional "gho" attire, a vibrant knee-length robe, Tobgay staunchly supports Bhutan's constitutionally mandated principle of "Gross National Happiness."

This policy, initiated by a previous king in the 1970s, revolves around four core pillars: governance, socio-economic development, cultural preservation, and environmental protection.

In a TED talk, Tobgay described the policy as a "groundbreaking vision" aimed at enhancing the well-being and happiness of citizens.

He emphasised the importance of economic growth while cautioning against compromising the nation's unique culture and pristine environment.

Acknowledging the challenges faced by one of the world's smallest economies, Tobgay pledged to address issues like rural poverty, high youth unemployment, and the emigration of skilled individuals.

He expressed a commitment to strengthening economic ties with India and developing rail links with the southern neighbour.

With over two-thirds of Bhutan covered in forests, Tobgay takes pride in the country's status as one of the few carbon-negative nations.

A vocal proponent of conservation and biodiversity protection, he has highlighted the threats posed by rapidly melting Himalayan glaciers due to global temperature increases.

Despite the idyllic image often associated with Bhutan, Tobgay remains realistic about the nation's struggles.

In a 2016 TED talk, he dispelled the notion of Bhutan as a utopia, describing it as a small, underdeveloped country striving to survive.

Beyond politics, Tobgay, married with two children, is an avid sports enthusiast.

He enjoys yoga, hiking in Bhutan's mountains, and actively participates in national sports such as archery and cycling, including competing in the challenging "Tour of the Dragon" mountain bike race spanning 266 kilometres (165 miles).